Fecha Publicación: 09-09-2022

International energy relations have rarely been left solely to the market, given the role energy security plays in national security. Being too dependent on energy imports can make a country vulnerable, as many European countries have found out given Russian gas supply disruptions related to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. At the other extreme, seeking energy self-sufficiency at any cost can also make a country vulnerable, if it entails a low level of economic diversification.

Each country seeks to strike a right balance for its circumstances in terms of energy production and energy imports, and the role that the public and private sectors play. In the 20th century, Mexico faced two critical moments regarding its international energy policy: in 1938, which led to the expropriation of the oil industry, and in 1960, when it nationalized the electricity industry.

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